Team

➜ JProf. Dr. Christian Baatz
➜ Clara Bartram Gurresø
➜ Nils Wendler
➜ Dorothee Fehling
➜ Dr. Alexander Schulan
➜ Jochen Heubach
➜ Jule Olbricht

JProf. Dr. Christian Baatz
Group Leader
baatz [at] philsem.uni-kiel.de
With a background in environmental sciences, Christian pursued a PhD in Philosophy at the University of Greifswald. His thesis investigated whether climate change calls for compensation, who ought to provide compensation, who are legitimate recipients and how compensation can be provided. Before finishing his PhD, he moved to Kiel University in 2012 where he worked as a researcher and lecturer at the Department of Philosophy, mostly focussing on individual responsibility for greenhouse gas emissions and the just distribution of climate related burdens. From 2013 to 2017 he was also part of the German Research Foundation’s Priority Program “Climate Engineering: Risks, Challenges, Opportunities?” (SPP 1689) and led a postdoc project within the Cluster of Excellence “The Future Ocean” from 2017 to 2019. In 2020 he successfully established a new working group on Climate Ethics, Sustainability and Global Justice at the Department of Philosophy, Kiel University, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space.
At the center of his research and teaching is the assessment of technologies and measures that are being deployed in the current phase of societal transformation or whose deployment is discussed. In addition to identifying the values and norms relevant for such evaluations, a key part of his work lies in reflecting on the concepts that underpin debates on transformation and technology assessment (for example, nature, vulnerability, sustainability, and feasibility). He is currently investigating these issues using the example of climate response options, especially adapting to climatic changes and removing CO₂ from the atmosphere to mitigate climate change. In doing so, he collaborates closely with colleagues from the natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities, as well as with non-academic stakeholders. Through his work, he aims to help identify and advance pathways toward a socially just and ecologically sustainable transformation. Assessing the opportunities and risks, as well as providing a holistic assessment of emerging technologies, plays a crucial role in the success of this transformation.
➜ An overview of his teaching and research projects is provided here.
List of Publications
Monographs:
Baatz, C. (2017) Compensating Victims of Climate Change in Developing Countries – Justification and Realization. Ph.D. thesis. University of Greifswald.
Baatz, C. (2009) ‘Ecological Debt’ – Analyse eines umstrittenen Konzeptes am Beispiel des Klimawandels. Saarbrücken: VDM-Verlag.
Papers:
Weishaupt, J.; Kuhn, A.; Baatz, C.; Vafeidis A. (2026) Stakeholder preferences and perceived effectiveness of coastal adaptation measures in Seychelles. In: npj Climate Action 5, 16. DOI: 10.1038/s44168-026-00345-7.
Fehling, D.; Reguero, B.G.; Baatz, C.; Vafeidis, N. (2026) Sea-level rise and population development drive future exposure to coastal flooding in Seychelles. In: Regional Environmental Change 26, 17. DOI: 10.1007/s10113-025-02510-w.
Baatz, C.; Tank, L.; Bednarz, L.K.; Boettcher, M.; Morganti, T.M.; Voget- Kleschin, L.; Cabus, T.; van Doorn, E.; Dorndorf, T.; Havermann, F.; Holzhüter, W.; Keller, D.P.; Kreuzburg, K.; Matz-Lück, N.; Mengis, N.; Merk, C.; Moustakis, Y.; Pongratz, J.; Wehnert, H.; Yao, W.; Rehder, G. (2025): A holistic assessment framework for marine carbon dioxide removal options. In: Environmental Research Letters. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/adc93f.
Gulde, F.; Witting, M.; Neuber, F.; Baatz, C.; Garschagen M. (2025): Frameworks to assess climate change responses – a systematic analysis to enhance frameworks for carbon dioxide removal. In: Environmental Research Letters. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/adcad3
Tank, L.; Voget-Kleschin, L.; Garschagen, M; Boettcher, M.; Mengis, N.; Holland-Cunz, A.; Rehder, G.; Baatz, C. (2025):Distinguish between feasibility and desirability when assessing climate response options. In: npj Climate Action 4, 34. DOI: 10.1038/s44168-025-00237-2
Holland-Cunz, A.; Baatz, C. (2025): How to govern carbon dioxide removal: an assessment framework for policy instruments. In: Climate Policy, S. 1 – 16. DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2025.2459315
Klöck, C.; Wendler, N.; Baatz, C. (2025): Procedural justice and (in)equitable participation in climate negotiations. In: UCL open. Environment. 7, 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444/ucloe.3116
Voget-Kleschin, L.; Baatz, C.; Heyward, C. Van Vuuren, D.; Mengis, N. (2023): Reassessing the need for carbon dioxide removal: Moral implications of alternative climate target pathways. In: Global Sustainability, 2024;7:e1. DOI: 10.1017/sus.2023.21
Baatz, C. (2023) Constructivist and well-being based justifications of human rights. Rivals or allies? In: Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy. DOI: 10.1080/13698230.2023.2280867
Schulan, A.; Tank, L.; Baatz, C. (2023) Distributive Justice and the Global Emissions Budget. In: WIREs Climate Change, e847. DOI: 10.1002/wcc.847 (Open Access).
Tank, L.; Baatz, C.; Neuber, F. (2023) 9 Thesen zu Climate Engineering. In: José Lozán, Hartmut Graßl, Siegmar-W. Breckle und Markus Quante (Hrsg.): Warnsignal Klima: Hilft Technik gegen die Erderwärmung? Climate Engineering in der Diskussion. Wissenschaftliche Auswertungen, 280–284.
Honegger, M.; Baatz, C.; Eberenz, S.; Holland-Cunz, A.; Michaelowa, A.; Pokorny, B.; Poralla, M.; Winkler, M. (2022) The ABC of Governance Principles for Carbon Dioxide Removal Policy. In: Frontiers in Climate, 4. DOI: 10.3389/fclim.2022.884163 (Open Access).
Hermann, J.; Bauer, K.; Baatz, C. (2021) Coronavirus and climate change: What can the former teach us about the latter? In: Niker, F.; Bhattacharya, A. (Eds): Political Philosophy in a Pandemic: Routes to a More Just World. Bloomsbury Press.
Kreuter, J.; Matzner, N.; Baatz, C.; Keller, D. P.; Markus, T.; Wittstock, F.; Bernitt, U.; Mengis, N. (2020) Unveiling assumptions through interdisciplinary scrutiny: Observations from the German Priority Program on Climate Engineering (SPP 1689). Climatic Change162, 57–66.
Baatz, C.; Bourban, M. (2019) Distributing Scarce Climate Adaptation Finance Across Small Island Developing States: Effectiveness, not Efficiency. In: Klöck, C.; Fink, M. (Eds.), Dealing with Climate Change in Small Islands: Towards Effective and Sustainable Adaptation? Göttingen: Göttingen University Press, 77-99.
Baatz, C.; Voget-Kleschin, L. (2019)Individuals’ contributions to harmful climate change: the fair share argument restated. In: Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 32, 4: 569-590.
Baatz, C. (2018) Climate Adaptation Finance and Justice. A Criteria-Based Assessment of Policy Instruments. In: Analyse & Kritik 40, 1: 73-105.
Braun, F.; Baatz, C. (2018) Klimaverantwortung und Energiekonflikte. Zum argumentativen Widerspruch zwischen globaler Verantwortung und lokalen Protestbewegungen. In: Buschmann, N. et al. (Eds): Reflexive Responsibilisierung. Verantwortung für nachhaltige Entwicklung. transcript Verlag.
Baatz, C.; Ott, K. (2017) In Defense of Emissions Egalitarianism? In: Meyer, L.; Sanklecha, P. (Eds.): Climate Justice and Historical Emissions. Cambridge University Press, 165-197.
Braun, F.; Baatz, C. (2017) Klimaverantwortung. In: Heidbrink, L.; Langbehn, C.; Loh, J. (Eds.):Handbuch Verantwortung. Springer, 855-886.
Baatz, C.; Ott, K. (2016) Why Aggressive Mitigation Must be Part of Any Pathway to Climate Justice. In: Preston, C.J. (Ed.): Climate Justice and Geoengineering. Rowman & Littlefield, 93-108.
Baatz, C. (2016) Can we have it both ways? On potential trade-offs between Mitigation and Solar Radiation Management. In: Environmental Values 25, 1: 29-49.
Baatz, C. (2016) Reply to my Critics: Justifying the Fair Share Argument.In: Ethics, Policy & Environment 19, 2: 160–169.
Ott, K.; Baatz C. (2016) Ethik des Klimawandels. In: Ott, K.; Dierks, J.; Voget-Kleschin, L. (Eds.): Handbuch Umweltethik. Metzler, 232-240.
Baatz, C.; Ott, K. (2014)Klimaethik: Mitigation, Adaptation und Climate Engineering. In: Kallhoff, A. (Ed.): Klimagerechtigkeit/Klimaethik. De Gruyter, 181-198.
Voget-Kleschin, L.; Baatz, C.; Ott, K. (2014) Ethics and sustainable consumption. In: Reisch, L.; Thøgersen, J. (Eds.): Handbook of Research on Sustainable Consumption. Edward Elgar, 118-128.
Baatz, C. (2014) Climate Change and Individual Duties to Reduce GHG Emissions. In: Ethics, Policy & Environment 17, 1: 1-19.
Baatz, C. (2013) Responsibility for the past? Some thoughts on compensating those vulnerable to climate change in developing countries. In: Ethics, Policy and Environment 16, 1: 94-110.
Baatz, C. (2013) Wie groß muss mein Scherflein sein? Individuelle Verantwortung für Nachhaltigkeit am Beispiel des Klimawandel. In: Politische Ökologie 135, 39-44.
Baatz, C.; Ott, K. (2012) Domains of Climate Ethics. In: Westra, L.; Soskolne, C.L.; Spady, D. (Eds.): Human Health and Ecological Integrity. Ethics, Law and Human Rights. New York: Routledge, 188-200.
Baatz, C. (2012) Review of „Justice in Funding Adaptation under the International Climate Change Regime” by Marco Grasso. In: Political Studies Review 10, 3.
Ott, K.; Muraca, B.; Baatz, C. (2011) Strong Sustainability as a Frame for Sustainability Communication In: Godemann, J.; Michelsen; G. (Eds.): Sustainability Communication. Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Theoretical Foundations. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 13-26.
Wittneben, B.; Bongardt, D.; Dalkmann, H.; Sterk, W.; Baatz, C. (2009) Integrating Sustainable Transport Measures into the Clean Development Mechanism. In: Transport Reviews 29, 1: 91-113.
Editorships:
Baatz, C.; Braun, F.; Düchs, M.; Meyer, K.; Reinmuth, K.C.; Riemann, M. (2025) Natur, Ethik, Gesellschaft – Festschrift für Konrad Ott. Metropolis.
Voget-Kleschin, L.; García-Portela, L.; Baatz, C. (2019)Introduction to the Special Issue on Individual Environmental Responsibility. In: Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 32, 4: 493–504.
Düchs, M; Thapa, P.; Baatz, C (2019) Umwelt, Gründe, Werte. Beiträge zur Abschlusstagung des DBU-Stipendienschwerpunkts Umweltethik. Bamberg University Press.
Baatz, C.; Heyward, C.; Stelzer, H. (Eds.) (2016) Special Issue on the “The Ethics of Engineering the Climate”. In: Environmental Values 25, 1.
Blog posts:
Baatz, C.; Hermann, J. (2020) What does coronavirus show us about how to fight climate change? 20.04.20, als Beitrag zum Blogeintrag „Philosophers’ Rundown on the Coronavirus Crisis“, available at: http://justice-everywhere.org/international/philosophers-rundown-on-the-coronavirus-crisis/.
Klöck, C.; Baatz, C.; Wendler, N. (2023) Procedural justice and (in)equitable participation in climate negotiations. 25.11.23, available at: https://blog.oxfordclimatepolicy.org/procedural-justice-and-inequitable-participation-in-climate-negotiations/
Baatz, C. (2020) Resistance against climate injustice beyond civil disobedience? 05.10.20, avilable at: http://justice-everywhere.org/punishment/resistance-against-climate-injustice-beyond-civil-disobedience/
Baatz, C. (2020) Über die vermeintliche Heuchelei von Klimaschutzaktivist*innen und individuelle Pflichten zum Klimaschutz. 17.09.20, available at: https://www.praefaktisch.de/klimakrise/ueber-die-vermeintliche-heuchelei-von-klimaschutzaktivistinnen-und-individuelle-pflichten-zum-klimaschutz
Baatz, C. Klonschinski, A. (2020) Student_innen erstellen Video-Tutorials. Ein Erfahrungsbericht aus der Philosophie. 08.07.2020.
Baatz, C.; Pinkert, F. (2020) Was, wenn andere nichts tun? Eine Replik auf Rudolf Schüßler. 27.05.20, available at: https://www.praefaktisch.de/klimakrise/was-wenn-andere-nichts-tun-eine-replik-auf-rudolf-schuessler/.

Nils Wendler
M.A., Doctoral Candidate
nwendler [at] philsem.uni-kiel.de
Nils was confronted with different perspectives on global problems such as climate change from the very beginning of studying politics, economics and philosophy at the University of Oldenburg. Given his main interest in philosophy, he then decided to pursue a master’s degree in Practical Philosophy of the Economy and Environment in Kiel. During his studies, from 2018 to 2020, he gained further insights into topics such as climate ethics and global justice. His master’s thesis engages with the debate on financing adaptation to climate change and discusses key allocation criteria. Continuing this work in the project, Nils conducts a normative analysis of the processes and criteria that are relevant in the allocation of adaptation finance in our Work Package 2. Based on theories of distributive and procedural justice and results from Work Package 1 he investigates how funding should be allocated from an ethical perspective. His research is supervised by Christian Baatz. More generally, he is interested in questions of applied ethics and normative ethics. In his leisure time, Nils enjoys playing and watching sports.
Publications
Klöck, C.; Baatz, C.; Wendler, N. (2025): Procedural justice and (in)equitable participation in climate negotiations. In: UCL Open Environment 7, e3116.
Tank, Lukas; Wendler, N.; Carstensen-Mainka, J.P. (2024) Absolute Fairness and
Weighted Lotteries. In: Utilitas (36) 4, 352–361.
Tank, L.; Wendler, N.; Carstensen Mainka, J.P. (2025) Risk, Overlap, and Two Forms of Aggregation. In: Noûs, e70031 (early view).

Dr. Alexander Schulan
Doctoral Candidate
schulan [at] philsem.uni-kiel.de
Alex studied economics with a minor in logic and philosophy of science at LMU Munich and University of Warwick. After earning his Ph.D. in empirical economics from TU Darmstadt, he worked several years with banks and asset managers. During parental leave, Alex continued his interest in philosophy and ethics and received an M.A. in philosophy from LMU Munich. As a postdoctoral research associate, Alex worked three years in an inter- and transdisciplinary BMBF-project on economic aspects of public security at the chair of econometrics of Goethe University Frankfurt. In association with Munich Graduate School for Ethics in Practice (MKEP) at LMU Munich, he started his research on climate ethics. Alex also teaches climate ethics at Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society at LMU Munich. Beyond this, he is especially interested in intergenerational justice and democracy. In the adjust project, he investigates for Work Package 4 whether the degree of democratic decision-making in countries or regions that receive international finance to adapt to climate change should influence the allocation of funding. His research is supervised by Christian Baatz and Jan-Christoph Heilinger. Alex is married, has two children and likes being outdoors in nature.
Publications
The effects of the macroeconomy on the yield curve in the short and medium term and on the relative attractiveness of the main asset classes: three empirical essays. Dissertation, 2009.
Behavioural Economics of Security. European Journal for Security Research, October 2019, Volume 4, Issue 2, pp 273–286.
Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse in der Kriminalprävention. With H. Entorf (2018). In: Evidenzorientierte Kriminalprävention in Deutschland. Ein Leitfaden für Politik und Praxis. Editors: M. Walsh, B. Pniewski, M. Kober und A. Armborst, Springer VS. S. 369-382.
Der Wert der Sicherheit. Erste Ergebnisse einer Befragung von Bevölkerung und Experten. Working paper, 2019.
Status Quo der Bewertung von Sicherheitsmaßnahmen – Evidenz aus Experteninterviews. With H. Entorf, working paper, 2017.
Ökonomische Bewertungsverfahren zur Evaluierung von Sicherheitsmanagement: Ein einleitender Überblick. With H. Entorf, working paper, 2017.

Dorothee Fehling
M.Sc., Doctoral Candidate
fehling [at] geographie.uni-kiel.de
During her studies of Geography at the University of Göttingen, Dorothee discovered her interest in the dynamics of the coastal zone. To continue working in this field, she moved to Kiel to study Environmental Geography and Environmental Management with a focus on coastal risk. In her studies, she realized that not only the physical mechanisms of the coastal zone but also its human interactions are important to evaluate and plan adaptation and mitigation measurements. In Work Package 3 of the adjust project, she is now investigating the Seychelles’ vulnerability towards climate change and sea level rise, using the Dynamic Interactive Vulnerability Assessment (DIVA) model. With respect to different SSP scenarios and adaptation strategies, Dorothee will also be working on the development of adaptation pathways for Seychelles. Her research is supervised by Athanasios Vafeidis. During her free time, Dorothee enjoys running and climbing or spending time in nature.

Clara Bartram Gurresø
M.S., M.A., Doctoral Candidate
gurresoe [at] philsem.uni-kiel.de
Clara has a background in human geography and development studies. Her involvement in climate politics began when she joined a youth delegation to the UNFCCC climate negotiations in 2014, exposing her to the complex justice issues related to climate change. Since then she has continued to participate in the negotiations, with a particular focus on small island states and the workstream on Loss and Damage. She is now pursuing a PhD with adjust, exploring the current allocation of adaptation finance and the implicit and explicit criteria that guide it in our Work Package 1. Clara’s research is supervised by Carola Klöck,Christian Martin and Christian Baatz. Her free-time is often used on the water as she enjoys scuba diving and surfing.
Publications
B. Gurresø, C. I. (2024) Distribution of Adaptation Finance in the Global South: A Qualitative Investigation of Current Procedures and Criteria. PhD thesis. Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel.
B. Gurresø, C. I. (2024) Germany’s allocation of bilateral adaptation aid: Understanding the role of institutional context in shaping allocation decisions. In: Earth System Governance 21, 1-13.
Klöck, C.; B. Gurresø, C. I. et al (2023) Beyond AOSIS: small island states’ presence and participation at COP27. In: Climate and Development, 1-12.

Jule Olbricht, M.A.
Project Management
olbricht [at] philsem.uni-kiel.de
Jule was studying environmental management in Giessen but missed discussions of the normative dimension of environmental issues, such as global justice, environmental ethics and sustainability. She thus moved to Kiel, pursuing an M.A. in Practical Philosophy of the Economy and Environment. During her studies, Jule worked as graduate assistant for the chair of Environmental Philosophy and Ethics and was engaged in a charitable cargo bike rental and education service to support the transformation of Kiel’s traffic system. Now she manages the adjust project. Her main responsibilities are the coordination of the research process, management of funds, organization of events and public relations. Her two children are attending a forest kindergarten.

Jochen Heubach, M.A.
Project Coordination
jheubach [at] philsem.uni-kiel.de
Jochen studied teaching in Politics, Economics and Ethics in Freiburg before deciding to devote himself to the practical philosophical problems that climate change imposes on us. During his master studies in Practical Philosophy of the Economy and the Environment at Kiel University, he already worked as a research assistant for adjust, in addition to other positions at the department of philosophy. During his master studies, he also completed a Certificate course in Research Ethics at Kiel University. As a Project Coordinator, his main responsibilities are the coordination of the research process, management of funds, organization of events and public relations.
